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	<title>Urban ethics and theory</title>
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		<title>Urban ethics and theory</title>
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		<title>Ken Orski on the administration&#8217;s re-elect me-centered transportation proposal</title>
		<link>http://lisaschweitzer.com/2012/02/23/ken-orski-on-the-administrations-re-elect-me-centered-transportation-bill/</link>
		<comments>http://lisaschweitzer.com/2012/02/23/ken-orski-on-the-administrations-re-elect-me-centered-transportation-bill/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Thu, 23 Feb 2012 17:02:21 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>drschweitzer</dc:creator>
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		<guid isPermaLink="false">https://drschweitzer.wordpress.com/?p=5526</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[I&#8217;m supposed to give a talk over in the Bedrosian Center on transportation and the Road to the White House. What the sam hill am I supposed to say at this point? The Senate, the House, and the White House have all put together fantasy proposals that are all about election-year posturing and symbolic politics—-because [...]<img alt="" border="0" src="http://stats.wordpress.com/b.gif?host=lisaschweitzer.com&amp;blog=7886306&amp;post=5526&amp;subd=drschweitzer&amp;ref=&amp;feed=1" width="1" height="1" />]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>I&#8217;m supposed to give a talk over in the Bedrosian Center on transportation and the Road to the White House. What the sam hill am I supposed to say at this point? The Senate, the House, and the White House have all put together fantasy proposals that are all about election-year posturing and symbolic politics—-because they all know what we should, by now, know: there ain&#8217;t nothing getting passed this year. </p>
<p>Crimony. </p>
<p>Ken Orski is more mature about this nonsense than I am over <a href="http://www.infrastructureusa.org/a-lost-opportunity-to-influence-the-debate/">at the Infra Blog</a>. He writes: </p>
<p><em><br />
The President’s FY 2013 budget submission offered the Administration a rare opportunity to rise above partisanship and influence the ongoing  transportation reauthorization debate in a positive way.    </em></p>
<p>But, alas, it didn&#8217;t turn out that way. </p>
<p>Go read Mr. Oski&#8217;s piece because he, unlike me, is capable of talking about it without a) ranting and b) running to the liquor cabinet to see if there&#8217;s any Grey Goose to put in my orange juice (locally grown, organic, fresh-squeezed.)</p>
<p>I quit.</p>
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		<title>Monarch children</title>
		<link>http://lisaschweitzer.com/2012/02/23/monarch-children/</link>
		<comments>http://lisaschweitzer.com/2012/02/23/monarch-children/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Thu, 23 Feb 2012 15:45:36 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>drschweitzer</dc:creator>
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		<guid isPermaLink="false">https://drschweitzer.wordpress.com/?p=5521</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[A few months ago, I wrote here about a monarch butterfly who died in my garden one afternoon. I was strolling around my garden the other day and some of the offspring caught my eye: Man, can they eat! They are chewing through the milkweeds like crazy.<img alt="" border="0" src="http://stats.wordpress.com/b.gif?host=lisaschweitzer.com&amp;blog=7886306&amp;post=5521&amp;subd=drschweitzer&amp;ref=&amp;feed=1" width="1" height="1" />]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>A few months ago, I wrote here <a href="http://lisaschweitzer.com/2011/10/31/danaus-plexippus/">about a monarch butterfly who died in my garden one afternoon.</a>  I was strolling around my garden the other day and some of the offspring caught my eye: </p>
<p><img src="http://drschweitzer.files.wordpress.com/2012/02/voila_capture155.jpg?w=599&#038;h=548" alt="Voila Capture155" title="Voila_Capture155.jpg" border="0" width="599" height="548" /></p>
<p>Man, can they eat! They are chewing through the milkweeds like crazy.</p>
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		<title>National infrastructure bank discussion from Felix Rohatyn and Rodney Slater in the FT</title>
		<link>http://lisaschweitzer.com/2012/02/22/national-infrastructure-bank-discussion-from-felix-rohatyn-and-rodney-slater-in-the-ft/</link>
		<comments>http://lisaschweitzer.com/2012/02/22/national-infrastructure-bank-discussion-from-felix-rohatyn-and-rodney-slater-in-the-ft/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Wed, 22 Feb 2012 17:32:53 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>drschweitzer</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Uncategorized]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Finance]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">https://drschweitzer.wordpress.com/?p=5514</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[Unfortunately, the opinion piece is behind a paywall. For those of you who are subscribers, here is a link to whole piece. But I&#8217;ll quote the part that I think this is really intriguing: Second, Congress can expand the definitions of Real Estate Investment Trusts (Reits) and Master Limited Partnerships to include investments in assets [...]<img alt="" border="0" src="http://stats.wordpress.com/b.gif?host=lisaschweitzer.com&amp;blog=7886306&amp;post=5514&amp;subd=drschweitzer&amp;ref=&amp;feed=1" width="1" height="1" />]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Unfortunately, the opinion piece is behind a paywall. For those of you who are subscribers, <a href="http://www.ft.com/intl/cms/s/0/c61b2084-5bb3-11e1-a447-00144feabdc0.html#axzz1n5tdMn32">here is a link to whole piece. </a> But I&#8217;ll quote the part that I think this is really intriguing: </p>
<p><em>Second, Congress can expand the definitions of Real Estate Investment Trusts (Reits) and Master Limited Partnerships to include investments in assets such as roads, water, ports, airports, transmission lines, waste water and bridges.</p>
<p>Reits are publicly traded corporate entities that invest in commercial real estate and pay a reduced or zero rate of tax on their earnings. In turn, Reits must distribute 90 per cent of their income to investors. Similarly, MLPs are publicly traded partnership vehicles that do not pay federal and state income taxes and return income to partners.</p>
<p>Applying the Reit/MLP model to infrastructure assets would attract investment from the deep US retail and institutional investor market, dramatically increasing funding support for new projects. Projects that were once unable to attract support could become financially viable, and more infrastructure projects could be supported.<br />
</em></p>
<p>Ok, now this is a really interesting idea that I hadn&#8217;t thought of. Since I don&#8217;t know much about Reits, I&#8217;d need to think more about this. I already have the opinion that way too much commercial property gets sweetheart deals at tax time, through TIFs and things like Prop 13, so I am not sure why, exactly, we need to have a tax incentive for infrastructure investment. I think there is *plenty* of existing demand for infrastructure bonds without sweetening the pot in this way. Maybe I&#8217;m wrong, though&#8211;I&#8217;m basing my comments on impressions rather than considered reflection on the data. </p>
<p>What are your thoughts? What have Reits done for commercial real estate that needs to happen for infrastructure?</p>
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		<title>The LA Times sets a new low for Op-Eds</title>
		<link>http://lisaschweitzer.com/2012/02/21/the-la-times-sets-a-new-low-for-op-eds/</link>
		<comments>http://lisaschweitzer.com/2012/02/21/the-la-times-sets-a-new-low-for-op-eds/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Tue, 21 Feb 2012 16:39:48 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>drschweitzer</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Uncategorized]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">https://drschweitzer.wordpress.com/?p=5503</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[The editorial page of the LA Times has for some reason fallen into the beliefs that a bunch of personal whining about how you can&#8217;t talk to relatives or neighbors with different political views sums up conservatives versus liberals in the United States. Why I can&#8217;t talk to conservatives by Diana Wagman Summary: A bunch [...]<img alt="" border="0" src="http://stats.wordpress.com/b.gif?host=lisaschweitzer.com&amp;blog=7886306&amp;post=5503&amp;subd=drschweitzer&amp;ref=&amp;feed=1" width="1" height="1" />]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>The editorial page of the LA Times has for some reason fallen into the beliefs that a bunch of personal whining about how you can&#8217;t talk to relatives or neighbors with different political views sums up conservatives versus liberals in the United States. </p>
<p><a href="http://www.latimes.com/news/opinion/commentary/la-oe-wagman-it-is-not-possible-to-talk-to-conserv-20120219,0,1149982.story">Why I can&#8217;t talk to conservatives by Diana Wagman</a> </p>
<p>Summary: A bunch of self-referential, tepid anecdotes about how people disagree and other rampagingly obvious platitudes. If you start thinking &#8220;YTF am I reading this?&#8221; halfway through, you&#8217;re not alone. Zzzzzzzzzzz</p>
<p><a href="http://www.latimes.com/news/opinion/commentary/la-oe-allen-it-is-not-possible-to-talk-to-liberals-20120219,0,4795838.story">Why I can&#8217;t talk to liberals by Charlotte Allen </a></p>
<p>Summary: A bunch of self-indulgent whining about how she loathes her liberal family, despite numerous disingenuous asides to the contrary to salve her family-values conscience (since nobody else freaking cares) because her liberal family has the nerve to expect her to use reasoned arguments other than &#8220;my opinions are fact&#8221; and &#8220;my values are supreme because they are mine&#8221;  in debates. Yet, nobody will debate with poor Charlotte because they are intolerant jerky poopyheads, unlike her, a paragon of open-mindedness. </p>
<p>GARGH!! YOU WILL GET DUMBER JUST READING THIS NONSENSE. </p>
<p>Personal experiences are not interesting unless you, you know, actually have interesting personal experiences. Arguing with relatives and neighbors? Nope. Not interesting. Or useful. </p>
<p>To get smarter, go over and read <a href="http://www.ee.unirel.vt.edu/index.php/outreach-policy/comment/democracys_enduring_tensions/">Max Stephenson&#8217;s contribution to discussion democratic theory here</a>.</p>
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		<title>Two picks from JUA suggesting that suburbs aren&#8217;t what planners think they are</title>
		<link>http://lisaschweitzer.com/2012/02/21/two-picks-from-jua-suggesting-that-suburbs-arent-what-planners-think-they-are/</link>
		<comments>http://lisaschweitzer.com/2012/02/21/two-picks-from-jua-suggesting-that-suburbs-arent-what-planners-think-they-are/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Tue, 21 Feb 2012 16:21:23 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>drschweitzer</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[urban form]]></category>

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		<description><![CDATA[Two picks from the upcoming issue of The Journal of Urban Affairs: These are unfortunately paid links, but you might be able to find drafts if you look on Google. Please let me know in the comments if you do find a link to a free pdf. KOLENDA, R. and YANG LIU, C. (2012), ARE [...]<img alt="" border="0" src="http://stats.wordpress.com/b.gif?host=lisaschweitzer.com&amp;blog=7886306&amp;post=5500&amp;subd=drschweitzer&amp;ref=&amp;feed=1" width="1" height="1" />]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Two picks from the <a href="http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/journal/10.1111/(ISSN)1467-9906/earlyview">upcoming issue of The Journal of Urban Affairs</a>: </p>
<p>These are unfortunately paid links, but you might be able to find drafts if you look on Google. Please let me know in the comments if you do find a link to a free pdf. </p>
<p>KOLENDA, R. and YANG LIU, C. (2012), <a href="http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/j.1467-9906.2011.00593.x/abstract">ARE CENTRAL CITIES MORE CREATIVE? THE INTRAMETROPOLITAN GEOGRAPHY OF CREATIVE INDUSTRIES</a>. Journal of Urban Affairs. doi: 10.1111/j.1467-9906.2011.00593.x</p>
<p>ABSTRACT:<em> This paper examines the location and growth of creative industries within metropolitan areas. In recent years, the creative industries have been increasingly sought after as potential engines of metropolitan economic growth. Although some research has been done on the location decisions by such firms and workers, it has primarily focused on interregional and intermetropolitan disparities. We use establishment-level data to investigate intrametropolitan (central city versus suburban) location and growth for creative industry establishments in 40 of the top 101 metropolitan statistical areas (MSAs). We compared the number of employees and total annual payroll in each location, and categorize them by region, population size, and creative employment growth. Findings suggest that although creative industries are more centralized, they are decentralizing faster than other industries in general, but this rate, and even the direction, varies widely across MSAs.</em></p>
<p>PFEIFFER, D. (2012), <a href="http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/j.1467-9906.2011.00596.x/abstract">HAS EXURBAN GROWTH ENABLED GREATER RACIAL EQUITY IN NEIGHBORHOOD QUALITY? EVIDENCE FROM THE LOS ANGELES REGION</a>. Journal of Urban Affairs. doi: 10.1111/j.1467-9906.2011.00596.x</p>
<p>ABSTRACT: <em> A wealth of data drawn from cities and their nearby suburbs show that, consistent with place stratification theory, African Americans live in poorer quality communities than similarly affluent members of other racial groups. Yet, few have examined whether these trends are playing out in the rapidly growing exurbs, places that emerged in the post-Civil Rights era. Through a case study of African American migration to Los Angeles&#8217;s exurban Inland Empire, this article tests the applicability of place stratification theory by triangulating evidence from interviews with 70 movers with U.S. Census and American Community Survey data. Both sources reveal that the gap in neighborhood conditions among similar income racial groups is much narrower in the exurbs than inner city Los Angeles or its nearby suburbs, an outcome that participants attributed to the region&#8217;s rapid housing construction, relative lack of a history of who lives where, and resulting neighborhood diversity.</em></p>
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		<title>Ed Glaeser agrees with the anti-federalists</title>
		<link>http://lisaschweitzer.com/2012/02/20/ed-glaeser-agrees-with-the-anti-federalists/</link>
		<comments>http://lisaschweitzer.com/2012/02/20/ed-glaeser-agrees-with-the-anti-federalists/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Mon, 20 Feb 2012 19:11:51 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>drschweitzer</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[infrastructure]]></category>

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		<description><![CDATA[From his piece for Bloomberg: DE-FEDERALIZE TRANSPORT SPENDING: Most forms of transport infrastructure overwhelmingly serve the residents of a single state. Yet the federal government has played an outsized role in funding transportation for 50 years. Whenever the person paying isn’t the person who benefits, there will always be a push for more largesse and [...]<img alt="" border="0" src="http://stats.wordpress.com/b.gif?host=lisaschweitzer.com&amp;blog=7886306&amp;post=5497&amp;subd=drschweitzer&amp;ref=&amp;feed=1" width="1" height="1" />]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p><a href="http://www.bloomberg.com/news/print/2012-02-14/spending-won-t-fix-what-ails-u-s-transport-commentary-by-edward-glaeser.html">From his piece for Bloomberg: </a></p>
<p><em>DE-FEDERALIZE TRANSPORT SPENDING: Most forms of transport infrastructure overwhelmingly serve the residents of a single state. Yet the federal government has played an outsized role in funding transportation for 50 years. Whenever the person paying isn’t the person who benefits, there will always be a push for more largesse and little check on spending efficiency. Would Detroit’s People Mover have ever been built if the people of Detroit had to pay for it? We should move toward a system in which states and localities take more responsibility for the infrastructure that serves their citizens.<br />
</em></p>
<p>See, people? It&#8217;s not just me and bunch of wild-eyed Tea Partiers.</p>
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		<title>Boston Review — David V. Johnson: What We Owe to Each Other (David Graeber, Debt)</title>
		<link>http://lisaschweitzer.com/2012/02/20/boston-review-david-v-johnson-what-we-owe-to-each-other-david-graeber-debt/</link>
		<comments>http://lisaschweitzer.com/2012/02/20/boston-review-david-v-johnson-what-we-owe-to-each-other-david-graeber-debt/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Mon, 20 Feb 2012 19:01:21 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>drschweitzer</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Uncategorized]]></category>

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		<description><![CDATA[Boston Review — David V. Johnson: What We Owe to Each Other (David Graeber, Debt): What we’ve seen over the last 30 years is a war on the human imagination. (Via www.bostonreview.net) There are two parts of the interview. Reading both is a nice way to start. He&#8217;s clearly a very original thinker whether you [...]<img alt="" border="0" src="http://stats.wordpress.com/b.gif?host=lisaschweitzer.com&amp;blog=7886306&amp;post=5494&amp;subd=drschweitzer&amp;ref=&amp;feed=1" width="1" height="1" />]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p><a href="http://www.bostonreview.net/BR37.1/david_graeber_debt_economics_occupy_wall_street.php">Boston Review — David V. Johnson: What We Owe to Each Other (David Graeber, Debt)</a>:</p>
<blockquote><p><span><span>What we’ve seen over the last 30 years is a war on the human imagination.</span></span></p>
</blockquote>
<p>(Via <a href="http://www.bostonreview.net">www.bostonreview.net</a>)</p>
<p>There are two parts of the interview. Reading both is a nice way to start. He&#8217;s clearly a very original thinker whether you agree with the Occupy movement or not.</p>
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		<title>Help out my undergraduate developers?</title>
		<link>http://lisaschweitzer.com/2012/02/19/help-out-my-undergraduate-developers/</link>
		<comments>http://lisaschweitzer.com/2012/02/19/help-out-my-undergraduate-developers/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Sun, 19 Feb 2012 19:10:42 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>drschweitzer</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Uncategorized]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[real estate]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">https://drschweitzer.wordpress.com/?p=5491</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[My class on the Urban Context was charged with creating a website marketing the city they would develop in Honduras as a Charter City if they had carte blanche. The groups that got the highest scores are being run in a face-off via a web poll. It would be really great if you could take [...]<img alt="" border="0" src="http://stats.wordpress.com/b.gif?host=lisaschweitzer.com&amp;blog=7886306&amp;post=5491&amp;subd=drschweitzer&amp;ref=&amp;feed=1" width="1" height="1" />]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>My class on the Urban Context was charged with creating a website marketing the city they would develop in Honduras as a Charter City if they had carte blanche.  The groups that got the highest scores are being run in a face-off via a web poll.   It would be really great if you could take a few minutes to surf through their sites and vote on which city you might consider moving to. Alternatively, there is a comment area, so you can give them some feedback.  I&#8217;d appreciate it. </p>
<p>Remember, though, they had a week to develop the proposals, and this is the first time most of them have done either web development or marketing.  That said, some of them had really great ideas and presented them really well. </p>
<p>The poll has hot links to all the cities: <a href="http://poll.fm/3jpfj">it is found here</a>. </p>
<p>Here are the cities in no order, if you want to browse outside the poll. </p>
<p><a href="http://islamacao.weebly.com/">Isla Macao</a> <br />
<a href="http://www.wix.com/ssandifo/vulgaria">Vulgaria</a><br />
<a href="http://elparaisohabitable.blogspot.com/">El Paraiso Habitable</a> <br />
<a href="http://www.wix.com/amandachan09/costa-verde#!">Costa Verde</a> <br />
<a href="http://theperfectcity.webs.com/">The Perfect City</a> </p>
<p>I really appreciate it if you can take the time.</p>
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		<title>The Bankrupt County and the Future of Chapter 9</title>
		<link>http://lisaschweitzer.com/2012/02/19/the-bankrupt-county-and-the-future-of-chapter-9/</link>
		<comments>http://lisaschweitzer.com/2012/02/19/the-bankrupt-county-and-the-future-of-chapter-9/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Sun, 19 Feb 2012 17:20:07 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>drschweitzer</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Uncategorized]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[local budgeting]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">https://drschweitzer.wordpress.com/?p=5488</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[I have students in my class on the Urban Context work on trying to fix a municipal budget for Vallejo, a city with a budget that looks more like rotting toe than anything workable. Even so, Vallejo is fantasyland, a place where where there are still quite a few well-to-do residents (we&#8217;re still talking coastal [...]<img alt="" border="0" src="http://stats.wordpress.com/b.gif?host=lisaschweitzer.com&amp;blog=7886306&amp;post=5488&amp;subd=drschweitzer&amp;ref=&amp;feed=1" width="1" height="1" />]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>I have students in my class on the Urban Context work on trying to fix a municipal budget for Vallejo, a city with a budget that looks more like rotting toe than anything workable.  Even so, Vallejo is fantasyland, a place where where there are still quite a few well-to-do residents (we&#8217;re still talking coastal California here.  And California has way, way more state services than the state we&#8217;re going to talk about today.) </p>
<p>The NYT has <a href="http://www.nytimes.com/2012/02/19/business/jefferson-county-ala-falls-off-the-bankruptcy-cliff.html?_r=1&amp;pagewanted=all%3Fsrc%3Dtp&amp;smid=fb-share">this story about Jefferson County Alabama going bankrupt. </a></p>
<p>Reading through, I like this story a great deal, and I&#8217;m not generally a fan of the New York Times. Unlike the standard WSJ take on government bankruptcies, which creates a narrative that screams about mismanagement, this story actually helps us understand the ways in which state laws can cripple municipal budgeting practice.  It also doesn&#8217;t sugarcoat the contributions from the mismanagement and local tax aversion.   Honestly, who can&#8217;t afford $18 a month for sewers. (You should see what we pay in in LA County, folks).  However, the average resident of Birmingham isn&#8217;t affluent, and rising fees for rising capital costs understandably hurt. </p>
<p>Go take a look and see what you think.</p>
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		<title>The federal case for a transit bank</title>
		<link>http://lisaschweitzer.com/2012/02/17/the-federal-case-for-a-transit-bank/</link>
		<comments>http://lisaschweitzer.com/2012/02/17/the-federal-case-for-a-transit-bank/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Fri, 17 Feb 2012 15:36:07 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>drschweitzer</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Uncategorized]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">https://drschweitzer.wordpress.com/?p=5479</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[The federal case for transit is: Transit is good for urban development. It&#8217;s a civil rights issue in US regions. We are committed to it the same way we are committed to schools and natural areas. The end. No blather about how cities are more important than everybody else, or big environmental promises made for [...]<img alt="" border="0" src="http://stats.wordpress.com/b.gif?host=lisaschweitzer.com&amp;blog=7886306&amp;post=5479&amp;subd=drschweitzer&amp;ref=&amp;feed=1" width="1" height="1" />]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>The federal case for transit is: </p>
<p>Transit is good for urban development.  It&#8217;s a civil rights issue in US regions.  </p>
<p>We are committed to it the same way we are committed to schools and natural areas.  </p>
<p>The end. No blather about how cities are more important than everybody else, or big environmental promises made for trains that will be half full for the next 15 years (where we still might want the investment, but are fooling nobody on the environmental benefits.) </p>
<p>Here&#8217;s how you set it up to stop driving the anti-federalist Republicans crazy: </p>
<p>a) Move the FTA over to housing and urban development. Where, you know, urban development is, and where you might be able assemble big joint development projects via b, next:  </p>
<p>b) Reassemble it as an transit-focused TIFIA (revolving loan) type program or infrastructure banking program (remember how much Obama wanted one of those) that provides federal guarantees for bond issues on proposals from states and regions alike, paid off with  some percentage of the state&#8217;s own-source federal gas tax revenues and/or any other state/local/regional revenues committed to the bonds. </p>
<p>c) Whatever percentage of federal funding had been going into the Highway Trust Fund via dedicated transit funds, move that back to the states&#8211;revenue neutral. The ones that want it for their own highway projects, fine. The ones that want to use that to commit to paying off guaranteed transit bonds via b can do that. </p>
<p>d) Require that joint development proposals have their local approvals done before one dollar of loan goes forward. </p>
<p>Unlike with capital grants awards programs, where you are rewarded for persistence, competitive proposals for loan programs have their own due diligence attached, which increases accountability. Cost over-runs are penalized. Tying new money to the approvals process will get places to knock it off with making developers miserable.</p>
<p>Think about that. I&#8217;m not in favor of transit being lumped in with other projects in infrastructure banks, but set up like this means federal transit support can get stretched way, way past what is dribbled out of capital grants programs or programs tied to gas tax receipts.</p>
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